• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:

    公开号:AT510282A4
    申请号:T0066411
    申请日:2011-05-11
    公开日:2012-03-15
    发明作者:
    申请人:High Tech Coatings Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    - 1 -
    The invention relates to a component with a component body having a toothing, and an assembly comprising at least two components, each having a toothing, wherein the at least two toothings is in meshing engagement with each other.
    The quality of the toothing of gears is usually classified according to DIN 3963in 12 quality grades, with 1 designating the finest and 12 the coarsest tooth quality. The division is made according to the manufacturing process, with the toothing honed by quality 1-6 gears, those of quality 2-7 ground, those of quality 5-7 scraped, those of quality 5-9, milled, roller planed or rolled, those of quality 7 -12 is milled or formed, and that of quality 8-12 is stamped, pressed, sintered or sprayed, and combinations of the machining methods are also performed. In other words, a high gear quality of a gear can be achieved only by intensive processing, resulting in higher production costs.
    In the prior art coatings are already described to adjust the backlash of a meshing toothing. These are usually constructed polymer-based and are abraded after the break-in phase, since otherwise the desired backlash in the thickness of the coating - or double coating, when both intermeshing teeth are coated - is not produced. Such coatings are therefore not suitable to improve the quality of teeth.
    The improvement of the micro-geometry of the toothing means a very great effort in the production of gears according to the prior art.
    It is the object of the present invention to provide a gear with improved microgeometry of the toothing. N2009 / 31800 -2-
    Under microgeometry according to the invention, the unevenness or roughness of the surface and deviations in shape on the microscale are understood to be up to 10 μm.
    This object is achieved on the one hand by the above-mentioned component and on the other hand by the assembly, wherein on the toothing of the component at least partially an adaptive coating is applied, which has a layer thickness of 5 pm, and wherein at least one of the components of the assembly is formed according to the invention ,
    By arranging the adaptive coating in the specified maximum layer thickness is achieved that by plastic deformation of the coating of the supporting portion of the toothing, i. the proportion of the bearing surface during the meshing engagement in a toothing of another component, is increased, whereby the surface load is reduced. During the deformation of the coating, whereby material is brought into the valleys between these peaks by the roughness peaks (normally the unevenness of the substrate is reshaped during the deposition of the coating), a hardening of the coating can occur as well, which likewise increases the mechanical strength of the component. ie the toothing of the component, can be achieved. In addition, this deformation achieves an at least partial leveling of the surface roughness. It is thus possible with the invention that the quality of the toothing is improved by the coating by at least one quality level, for example, achieved a toothing with a quality of 8 by this coating a quality of 7 to 6. In other words, therefore, the microgeometry of the surface of the toothing is significantly improved by the arrangement of the adaptive coating in the specified maximum layer thickness. The components themselves can therefore be manufactured using a more cost-effective method, and no further expensive hard finishing operations are required by depositing the adaptive coating on the toothing in order to achieve the higher gear quality. The adaptive coating also has the advantage that it wears abrasive only on extremely stressed areas of the toothing during operation, so the "leveling effect" 1 is maintained over a long period of operation of the component. Due to the improved quality of the toothing achieved with the adaptive coating, an improved acoustic behavior of the module having this component is also achieved. The maximum layer thickness of the adaptive coating is adapted to the respective quality, that is, to the surface roughnesses present in each case, with different qualities of teeth. After the surface roughness of the coating is also transferred to the coating during coating - the same layer thickness is preferably produced at least approximately at each coated point - the subsequent base layer produced by deformation of the adaptive coating should preferably be run above the highest roughness peak of the teeth. Thanks to the adaptive coating, it was also possible to improve the so-called pittings by reducing the Herz's pressure.
    Optionally, the toothing of the component can be pre-calibrated, for example by rolling.
    Preferably, the layer thickness of the adaptive coating is selected from a range with a lower limit of 1 pm and an upper limit of 4 pm.
    In the assembly is preferably used as a second component with a toothing, which is in meshing engagement with the toothing of the component according to the invention, a component with a higher quality of the toothing, since this toothing as "embossing". for the adaptive coating can act, and thus the quality of the teeth of the assembly can be improved overall.
    According to one embodiment, it is provided that the adaptive coating has a hardness gradient with increasing hardness from an outer coating surface in the direction of the component body. It is thus achieved that the adaptive coating on the outer coating surface, which meshes with another component of a weathered component in the installed state of the component, can be made relatively soft, so that the deformation, i. Flattening of the profile peaks of the roughness profile can be done quickly, and also by the greater hardness at the interface to the component body better adhesion of the coating is achieved on this or better fatigue strength. In addition, a higher strength of the coating can thus be made available in layers lying below the coating surface, so that their mechanical load capacity during operation can be improved.
    In order to improve these properties, the adaptive coating on the outer coating surface preferably has a hardness which is selected from a range with a lower limit of HV 40 and an upper limit of HV 1000, in particular from a range with a lower limit of HV 100 and an upper limit of HV 300, or according to a further preferred embodiment, on the N2009 / 31800 * * 4-second surface facing the outer coating surface, pointing in the direction of the component body has a hardness which is selected from a range with a lower limit of HV 400 and an upper limit of HV1600, in particular from a range with a lower limit of HV 650 and an upper limit of HV 1000.
    It is possible that the adaptive coating is composed of several different partial layers. Although this is not the preferred embodiment of the invention, since there is preferably a continuous transition of the properties from the outer coating surface toward the component body, this embodiment can simplify the manufacture of the adaptive coating, as successively layers of different composition on the component body can be deposited, which can reduce the control or control effort during the coating.
    In the preferred embodiment, the adaptive coating is at least partially metallic. Compared to polymer layers, a longer service life of the adaptive coating is achieved. In addition, a greater variability in the coating composition can be achieved since only a few polymers are suitable for the intended use of the component. It can therefore be taken better account of different load cases of the component by the at least partially metallic version of the adaptive coating, so that the invention can be applied in a wider field. It is also advantageous that the adaptive coating thus has a better thermal conductivity, so that unwanted phase changes in the coating can be better avoided, and thus the coating over a longer period of time at least approximately the original phase composition, so their behavior during operation over a longer period at least approximately constant.
    In the course of the test carried out for the invention, it has been found that adaptive coatings are particularly suitable if they are formed by a multicomponent system, wherein at least one component is selected from a group comprising transition metals, transition metal nitrides, transition metal carbides, transition metal oxides and mixtures thereof In one embodiment variant, a further component of the multicomponent system is selected from a group comprising Sn, Mg, Al, In, Bi, Si, Ni, Ag, Cr and Fe. In particular, the N2009 / 31800 -5 adaptive coating contains the components Ag and Cr or CrN or the components Ag, Sn and Cr or CrN, the content of Ag decreasing from the outer coating surface toward the component body, or the components Sn and Cr or the components Cu and Cr and optionally Sn, wherein the content of Sn decreases from the outer coating surface toward the component body, or the components Ag and Ti and optionally Sn, wherein the content of Ag from the outer coating surface in the direction Part body decreases. Furthermore, adaptive coatings have emerged which are formed from a tin bronze or an aluminum bronze, wherein optionally at least one of the components chromium nitride, Fe, Cr, Ni, Ag is contained.
    In general, however, the adaptive coating may also include the components Ag and Cr, or Ag and Sn and Cr, or Cu and Cr, or Cu and Sn and Cr, or Cu and Al and Fe and Cr, or Ag and Ti, or Ag and Sn and Ti include, without the above condition, that the proportion of at least one component within the coating is varied.
    According to another embodiment variant of the component, it is provided that the adaptive coating is at least approximately or completely free of abrasive particles, that is of particles which would cause abrasion on the toothing of another component of the assembly in meshing engagement with the toothing of the component , Thus, it is thus achieved the increase in quality mainly by forming work on the adaptive coating itself and not by targeted material removal in the field of meshing gears, so that the further component, so for example the above-described component with the "embossing". at least largely undamaged. By preventing the material removal of the dirt entry is reduced in a lubrication oil provided for the lubrication of the teeth, so that it can be used longer. As a result, since the lubricating oil does not carry impurities derived from such abrasion, the adaptive coating on the outer coating surface can be made harder since no provision must be made for embedding these soil particles in soft matrix constituents of the coating, which in turn increases the load bearing capacity the adaptive coating can be improved.
    To improve the adhesion of the adaptive coating on the component body, an adhesion promoter layer can be arranged between the adaptive coating and the component body. N2009 / 31800 «* * * * · · φ · · · e * • * * *« «* • · I ·· * ♦ ··« · · · * * φ · · «« * · * -6-
    A better oil absorption capacity of the adaptive coating, and thus a reduction of the abrasion is achieved when the adaptive coating is provided with a porosity, the porosity in particular between 0.5% and 20%, preferably between 5% and 12 %, is. The pores in the adaptive layer preferably have a diameter of not more than 2 μm, in particular not more than 0.5 μm.
    In one embodiment variant, the porosity decreases from the outer coating surface in the direction of the component body. In other words, a gradient of porosity is formed in the adaptive coating. Thus, on the one hand, the above-described improved oil retention capacity and, on the other hand, improved adhesion of the adaptive coating on the component body can be achieved.
    For a better understanding of the invention, this will be explained in more detail with reference to the following figures.
    Each shows in a schematically simplified representation:
    Figure 1 is an existing two gears with assembly meshing teeth in side view.
    FIG. 2 shows a detail of the surface profile of a component provided with an adaptive coating; FIG.
    3 shows two hardness profiles of the adaptive coating;
    4 shows a further embodiment variant of the assembly in side view;
    5 shows the hardness profile of an example coating;
    6 shows the hardness profile of a further example coating;
    FIG. 7 shows the representation of an order analysis; FIG.
    FIG. 8 shows the raw signal of a first experiment for order analysis according to FIG. 6; FIG.
    FIG. 9 shows the raw signal of a second experiment for order analysis according to FIG. 6; FIG.
    10 shows the course of a run-up measurement as a sum level over all harmonic fundamental and harmonics; N2009 / 31800 -7-
    11 shows the course of the run-up measurement of the 1st order to the sum level of FIG. 9;
    12 shows the course of the run-up measurement of the second order to the sum level of FIG. 9;
    13 shows the course of the run-up measurement of the third order to the summation level of FIG. 9;
    14 shows the course of the run-up measurement of the 4th order to the summation level of FIG. 9.
    By way of introduction, it should be noted that in the differently described embodiments, the same parts are provided with the same reference numerals or the same component names, wherein the disclosures contained in the entire description can be mutatis mutandis to the same parts with the same reference numerals or component names. Also, the location information chosen in the description, such as top, bottom, side, etc. related to the immediately described and illustrated figure and are to be transferred to the new situation mutatis mutandis when a change in position. All statements on ranges of values in the description of the present invention should be understood to include any and all sub-ranges thereof, e.g. the indication 1 to 10 should be understood as encompassing all partial regions starting from the lower limit 1 and the upper limit 10, ie all partial regions starting with a lower limit of 1 or greater and ending at an upper limit of 10 or less, eg 1 to 1.7, or 3.2 to 8.1 or 5.5 to 10.
    1 shows an assembly 1 which comprises a component 2 and a further component 3. The component 2 has a toothing 4 in the form of a spur toothing. Likewise, the component 3 has a toothing 5 in the form of a spur toothing. The two gears 4, 5 are in the operation of the components 2, 3 in meshing engagement with each other, so-so that, for example, the component 2 is driven by the component 3, when the component 3 is connected to a drive device, not shown. The toothing 4 of the component 2 is frontally provided with an adaptive coating 6.
    The two components 2, 3 are designed as straight toothed spur gears. However, the invention is not limited to serrations. In general, the adaptive coating 6 can be applied to all known types of toothings, possibly provided with height and / or width crowning, that is, for example, also to helical gears, etc. Furthermore, the adaptive coating can 6 are applied to both external gears and internal gears.
    Although the embodiment of the component 2 as a gear is the preferred embodiment of the invention, in general, other, having a toothed components can be provided with the adaptive coating 6, such as racks.
    The toothing 4 is preferably provided with the adaptive coating 6 over its entire circumference. It is within the scope of the invention but also the possibility that only parts of the frontal surface of the teeth 4 are coated, so for example only the tooth flanks or only one of the tooth flanks, for example, if operation of the gear in both directions of rotation is not provided.
    The toothing 5 of the further component 3, in the illustrated embodiment of the invention, has no adaptive coating 6, in particular if this component 3 is the driven component 3 and the component 2 is the component 2 driven by the component 3, as described above. In this case, the toothing 5 of the further component 3 has a higher tooth quality than the toothing 4 of the component 2, so that the component 3 acts as an "embossing wheel" for the toothing 4 of the component 2 during operation of the assembly 1.
    However, it is also possible to provide the toothing 5 thereof at least partially with the adaptive coating 6, wherein the composition or property profile of this coating 6 may differ from that of the toothing 4 of the component 3, although both toothings 4, 5 are the same may have adaptive coating 6 with the same property profile. Also in this embodiment, it is advantageous if the further component 3 as "embossing wheel". acts, in turn, whose teeth 5, the higher gear quality of the two gears 4, 5 and / or the adaptive coating 6 of the toothing 5 of the other component 3 at least in the outer region, ie that area which comes into abutment with the toothing 4 of the component 2, a higher hardness than the adaptive coating of the toothing of the component 2.
    As already stated above, it is possible with the adaptive coating 6 to improve the toothing quality of the toothing 4 of the component 2 in certain features by virtue of this adaptive coating being applied even during the one-on phase of the meshing toothings 4, 5 at least partially reshaped. This surface irregularities of the teeth 4 of the component 2 are at least partially compensated by the contact pressure of the teeth 5 of the other component 3, so leveled. It should be mentioned at this point that the two components 2, 3, ie the two gears, have a fixed center distance, so that therefore neither of the two components 2, 3 moves toward the respective other component 2, 3.
    To clarify this effect, FIG. 2 shows a schematic section of the surface geometry of the toothing 4 with an adaptive coating 6 applied thereto. As can be clearly seen, the microgeometry of the toothing 4 has a roughness profile with elevations 7 and depressions 8. Due to the manufacturing process, the entire surface of the toothing 4 is coated at least approximately with the same layer thickness 9, this contour of the microgeometry is at least approximately transferred to an outer coating surface 10 of the adaptive coating 6, which in use meshes with the surface of the toothing 5 of the further component 3. So the counter gear, passes. In operation, ie with the teeth 4 meshing toothing 5 of the other component, the material of profile peaks 11 of the adaptive coating 6 is spent by the forces transmitted in, in particular adjacent, profile valleys 12, so that the contour of the outer coating surface 10 of the adaptive Coating 6 at least approximately ebenbnet and thus creates an at least approximately flat outer support layer 13, as shown in Fig. 2 by dashed lines. For this reason, it is also advantageous if the toothing 5 of the further component 3, that is, the particular driven counter-wheel, has a higher tooth quality than the toothing 4, since this further component 3 acts as a "stamping wheel". It should be noted, however, that the flatness of the outer support layer 13 of the toothing quality of the teeth 4 is dependent, so it is quite possible that this support layer 13 still has a profiling, which, however, is less than the original profiling, but In any case, an improvement of the gear quality is achieved. For example, from a quality 8 toothing 2 with the aid of the adaptive coating 6 in the inlet a quality 7 to 6 toothing 2 can be achieved with significantly lower production costs. After the deformation of the adaptive coating 6 has taken place, the hard substrate of the component 2, or of the harder layers of the adaptive coating 6 lying in this region, counteracts further deformation, as will be explained in more detail below. N2009 / 31800 · * ♦ * · t »·« * f ·· I «* * I« # · 4M 4-4 * -10-
    In addition to the transfer of material from the profile tips 11 in the profile valleys 12, there is also the possibility that the profile tips 11 are at least partially compressed when the adaptive coating 6 is made with a porosity, this Porosität at the same time a better oil retention capacity of the adaptive coating is reached. In this case, the porosity is preferably between 0.5% and 20%, in particular between 5% and 12%, which means that between 0.5% and 20%, in particular between 5% and 12%, free pore volume in the adaptive coating 6 is present, in particular at least largely, ie Up to a proportion of at least 20% open pores are present, based on the total pore volume of the adaptive coating 6. It is further advantageous if the pores in the adaptive coating 6 have a diameter of not more than 2 pm, in particular not more than 0.5 pm. In order to improve the adhesion of the adaptive coating 6 or the strength of the adaptive coating 6 overall despite porosity, it is advantageous if the porosity decreases from the outer coating surface 10 in the direction of a component body 14 of the component 2. For example, the porosity can vary from a value of 20% at the outer coating surface 10 to a value of 0% at the interface to the underlying component body 14 - or an intermediate layer between the adaptive coating 6 and the component body 14 - continuous, for example linear or exponentially, or gradually, for example, in increments of 5%. Porosity in the adaptive coating 6 can be established by increased pressure or low coating temperature or the additional incorporation of a chemically or thermally removable component (for example, a metal or a polymer). For example, a porosity gradient is obtained when the temperature falls during precipitation and / or the pressure increases or when the bias voltage is lowered during the deposition. For the formation of the described support layer 13, the adaptive coating 6 is deposited in a layer thickness 9 of at most 5 pm. The layer thickness 9, however, ultimately depends on the toothing quality of the toothing 4 to be coated. For example, in a quality 6 toothing 2 with a pitch circle diameter of 50 mm to 125 mm and a standard modulus of 2 to 3.55, the maximum profile deviation ff of 8 μm and a pitch individual deviation fp of 7 μm, a layer thickness 9 of not more than 5 μm, in particular a layer thickness 9 selected from a range between 3 μm to 4 μm, is used. However, the base layer 13 preferably forms by at least 0.5 μm, in particular at least 2 μm, above the N2009 / 31600. * * * * * »« «- 11 - * * · ·» »··« «··· I · For this reason, layer thicknesses of 9 to a maximum of 5 μm are used, even if the roughness profile has significantly lower height differences between the tips 7 and 9 the valleys 8 has.
    Preferably, the adaptive coating 6 is at least partially metallic, i. the at least individual components of the preferably used multicomponent system are formed by metals or metal alloys. In principle, however, polymeric materials can also be used as adaptive coating 9, such as e.g. PAi or PEEK, Teflon with or without additives embedded in a metal matrix or additives such as metals or metal sulfides, metal carbides or metal nitrides embedded in the polymeric material.
    At least one component of the multicomponent system is selected from a group comprising transition metals, transition metal nitrides, transition metal carbides, transition metal oxides and mixtures thereof. The proportion of this component in the adaptive coating 6 is between 0 wt .-% and 90 wt .-%, in particular between 4 wt .-% and 30 wt .-%. This component is preferably particulate with a maximum particle size of 0.3 μm, in particular with a particle size of between 0.03 μm and 0.1 μm.
    Another component of the multicomponent system is preferably selected from a group comprising Sn, Mg, Al, In, Bi, Si, Ni, Ag, Cr and Fe, their proportion of the adaptive coating 6 between 5 wt .-% and 80 wt .-%, in particular between 20 wt .-% and 50 wt .-%, is. The particle size of this further component is at most 0.5 .mu.m, in particular this component has a particle size between 0.01 .mu.m and 0.2 .mu.m.
    According to a first preferred embodiment, the adaptive coating 6 contains the components Ag and Cr or CrN, the content of Ag decreasing from the outer coating surface in the direction of the component body. The proportion of Ag may be between 2% by weight and 98% by weight. The remainder is Cr or CrN.
    According to a further preferred embodiment variant, the adaptive coating 6 has the components Sn and Cr, the content of Sn decreasing from the outer coating surface in the direction of the component body. The proportion of Sn may be between 6% by weight and 94% by weight. The rest is Cr. N2009 / 31800 • · ·· »» »» · · * 4 -12-
    An adaptive coating 6 has also proven to be advantageous which contains the components Ag and Ti, the content of Ag decreasing from the outer coating surface in the direction of the component body. In this case, the proportion of Ag between 3 wt .-% and 97 wt .-% amount. The rest is Ti.
    Also preferred are adaptive coatings 6, which are formed from a copper bronze or an aluminum bronze, optionally with a proportion of Cr. The proportion of Cu in the copper bronze may be between 98 wt .-% and 60 wt .-%, that of Sn between 0 wt .-% and 12 wt .-% amount, or the proportion of Al on the aluminum bronze between 0.5 wt .-% and 20 wt .-% amount. If Cr is contained, its proportion is between 0.1 wt .-% and 80 wt .-%.
    Preferred adaptive coating compositions are shown in Table 1 below. All information on the composition is to be understood in% by weight. Preferred ranges of the proportions of the individual components are set in brackets.
    Table 1: Composition of the adaptive coating 6
    Ex. No. Ag Cr CrN Sn Ti Al Cu Further constituents 1 100 2 20 75 5 3 50 30 20 4 55 40 5 5 65 30 2 3 6 10 10 5 10 60 5 Fe 7 5 4 6 12 70 3 Fe 8 8 4 6 22 60 9 90 8 2 N2005W31800 -13- * ♦ «* * · I · ·« · 10 10 2 8 76 4 Fe
    In the preferred embodiment of the adaptive coating 6, it has a hardness gradient with increasing hardness from the outer coating surface 10 in the direction of the component body 14. Incidentally, the adaptive coating 6 on the outer coating surface 10 may have a hardness selected from a range having a lower limit of HV 40 and an upper limit of HV1000, particularly, a lower limit range of HV 60 and an upper limit of HV 300. At the second surface facing the outer coating surface 10, facing the component body 14, the adaptive coating preferably has a hardness selected from a range having a lower limit of HV 400 and an upper limit of HV 2500, in particular from a range with a lower limit of HV 650 and an upper limit of HV 1600.
    In Fig. 3, two curves 15,16 are shown schematically. Plotted on the abscissa is the layer thickness 9, starting from the surface of the toothing 2 in the direction of the outer coating surface, and on the ordinate the plastic hardness in HV, measured with a Fischerscope®. A horizontal line 16 indicates the hardness of steel.
    The plastic hardness is the universal hardness without consideration of the elastic deformation rate.
    The course 15 shows the preferred variant of the invention. The hardness does not decrease in stages, as in the course 16, but steadily, the course 15 follows linear or preferably an exponential function.
    Examples of hardness profiles, measured at different layer depths of the adaptive coating 6, starting from the surface of the toothing 4, or optionally an intermediate layer between this surface and the adaptive coating 6, are given in Table 2. For the sake of clarity, the hardness values were rounded up or down to a total of 50 values.
    Table 2: Hardness curves N2009 / 31800 -14-
    Example No. Layer thickness in pm 0.5 0.1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 1 800 500 300 300 200 200 200 2 800 1000 500 300 250 200 200 150 150 150 3 700 600 400 400 300 300 300 4 700 1300 500 300 200 200 5 800 400 300 300 200 200 200 150 100 6 1000 800 800 700 600 300 300 300 300 250 7 600 400 400 240 220 200 8 700 600 500 400 300 200 150 9 700 2000 800 500 500 300 300 10 500 400 300 300 300 300 250 220 220 In the preferred embodiment, the outer coating surface 10 consists exclusively of the respective softer component of the multicomponent system, ie, for example, of Ag or Sn. Optionally, however, a proportion of not more than 0.5 wt .-% to 100 wt .-% of the respective harder component, so for example of Cr, CrN, or Ti, be present in order to achieve a reduction of friction and / or to improve the corrosion resistance.
    The deposition of the adaptive coating 6 on the toothing 4 of the component 2 can be carried out by a variety of methods, for example by electrolytic deposition Cr us Ag or Ag and Sn, by PVD methods such as sputtering, e.g. with mixed targets or various individual targets with rotating substrates (eg gears in the center) by spraying mixed powders of different composition, etc.
    N2OO9 / 310OO -15- •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• For example, the hardness gradient can be generated by a multi-layered design of the adaptive coating 6 having a plurality of different partial layers, wherein the partial layers differ with respect to their composition. Single layers, multilayers or nanolaminates can be deposited.
    In order to achieve the hardness gradient, the composition of the adaptive coating 6 over the layer thickness 9 can also vary such that a minority component on the outer coating surface 10 becomes the majority component on the other surface facing the component body 14, and that another component of the multicomponent system exactly matches the reversed course, that is, from the majority component to the minority component. In other words, there is the possibility that the component forming the matrix on one surface is replaced by the further component on the other surface of the adaptive coating 6, so that therefore the matrix changes over the layer thickness 9 to another matrix.
    For example, a sequence of 100 Cr - > Cr 70 Ag 30 Ag 60 Cr 40 -► Ag 95 / Cr5 can be selected.
    Preferably, the adaptive coating 6 is free of abrasive particles for reasons mentioned above.
    In order to increase the adhesive strength of the adaptive coating 6 on the toothing 4 of the component 2, an adhesion promoter layer can be arranged between it and the adaptive coating 6, for example Cr, Ti, Mo, Ni. However, an improvement in the adhesive strength can also be achieved by the formation of diffusion bonding at the interface between the component body 14 and the adaptive coating, for example by subjecting the component to a heat treatment after the coating, e.g. 2 h at a temperature of 200 ° C or 1 h at a temperature of 150 ° C followed by a treatment for 1 h at a temperature of 250 ° C. For this purpose, the component 2 and / or the adaptive coating preferably contain chromium and / or titanium.
    For the sake of completeness, a variant of an assembly 1 is shown in FIG. 4. In addition to the component 2 and the further component 3, this has a third N2009 / 31800 · * 4 ·· · - 16- »* ··« # * · ·· ** 9 4 »* · · ·
    Component 18, wherein the further component 3 in turn has the highest gear quality of the three components 2, 3, 18.
    For example, the invention can be applied in the field of camshaft gears, or balance shaft units. Due to the embossing effect, the invention is preferably used in assemblies with a 1: 1 ratio.
    As already mentioned, both toothings 4, 5 of the components 2, 3 or all components 2, 3, 18 of an assembly 1 can be coated, it also being possible to use different coating compositions of the adaptive coating 6 for the components 2, 3, 18. For example, the toothing 4 of the component 2 may be coated with CrCrAg and the toothing 5 of the component 3 may be coated with CrCuSn. Further examples are: CrN to CrAg, CrN to TiAg, TiN to CrAg, CrN to CrCuAIFe.
    Frequency measurements were performed to verify the effect of the adaptive coating 6. The adaptive coatings 6 with a composition according to the following Table 3 (test wheel 1) or Table 4 (test wheel 7) were applied to two different steel gears with different diameters. The hardness profile of these coatings 6 is shown in FIG. 5 (test wheel 1) or FIG. 6 (test wheel 7).
    Table 3: Composition of an adaptive test coating
    Layer Thickness Hardness Material Material [wt .-%] pm HV 1 2 1 2 0 0.05 700 Cr 100 1 0.051 700 Cr 100 2 0.051 900 CrN Ag 80 20 3 0.51 900 CrN Ag 80 20 4 0.512 300 Cr Ag 30 70 N2009 / 31800 - 17- «*« ················································································································································································································· 1.5 300 Cr Ag 30 70 6 1.51 200 Cr Ag 10 90 7 4 200 Cr Ag 10 90 8 4 200 Cr Ag 10 90
    Table 4: Composition of an adaptive test coating
    Layer Thickness Hardness Material Material Weight% pm HV 1 2 3 1 2 3 0 0.05 700 Cr 100 1 0.5 1000 CrN Cu Sn 80 20 1.5 3 1 500 Cr Cu Sn 8 90 2 4 2 400 Cr Cu Sn 5 90 5 5 2.5 350 Cr Cu Sn 2 90 8 6 4 300 Cr Cu Sn 2 90 8 7 5 250 Cr Cu Sn 0.5 93 6.5
    FIGS. 7 to 9 show the graphical representation of the order analysis of the oscillation frequencies resolved according to the 1st order to the 5th order (harmonic harmonic). The measurement was carried out at a constant speed of 1000 rpm (alternating torque 6 Nm, 10 Hz). The test wheels 1 (pitch circle diameter 50 mm) and 7 (pitch circle diameter 125 mm) were before and N2009 / 31800-18- * * φ · Φ Φ »Φ» Φ * Φ • · · · after coating on a gear tester against a master wheel Wheel (abbreviated to "M" in the figures) was tested.
    In Fig. 7 (order analysis), the amplitude of the vibration in db is plotted on the right vertical axis and the sum level in db on the left vertical axis.
    It is noticeable that in both coated test wheels (2nd and 4th group from the left) the amplitude of the 2nd order vibrations increases in comparison to the uncoated test wheels. However, the amplitudes of the higher-order vibrations decrease in the coated test wheels, so that overall a clear improvement in the noise behavior of the coated test wheels compared to the uncoated test wheels can be determined, as can be seen from FIGS. 8 and 9, which represent the raw signals for order analysis , The reduction in the test wheel 1 (FIG. 8) is less pronounced than in the test wheel 7, as a comparison of the two figures shows. In these figures, the behavior of the uncoated test wheel and from the center to the right edge the behavior of the coated test wheel is shown in each case from left to center.
    FIGS. 10 to 14 show the evaluations of a run-up measurement in the speed range between 200 rpm and 2000 rpm (alternating torque 6 Nm, 10 Hz). The test wheels correspond to those used for the tests of Figs. 6-9.
    This test essentially confirms the result just described.
    The embodiments show possible embodiments of the component 2 and the assembly 1, wherein it should be noted that the invention is not limited to the specifically illustrated embodiments thereof, but also various combinations of the individual embodiments are possible with each other and this variation possibility due to the teaching to technical action by objective invention in the skill of those working in this technical field expert.
    Above all, the individual embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 can form the subject of independent solutions according to the invention. N2009 / 31800 - 19- - 19- • · t · * t * · * ·
    ≫ · * T · I
    ► I · · · · I f ··· «• ♦« < 4
    For the sake of order, it should finally be pointed out that for a better understanding of the construction of the component 2 and the assembly 1, these or their components have been shown partially unevenly and / or enlarged and / or reduced in size. N2009 / 31800-Ι-· · · · ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft M M M M M M M M M M M M M > * * * *
    REFERENCE NUMBERS
    module
    component
    component
    gearing
    gearing
    coating
    survey
    deepening
    layer thickness
    coating surface
    profile tip
    profile valley
    base course
    component body
    course
    course
    line
    Component N2009 / 31800
    权利要求:
    Claims (19)
    [1]
    1. component (2) having a component body (14) of a toothing (4), characterized in that on the toothing (4) at least partially an adaptive coating (6) is applied, which has a layer thickness of maximum 5 pm.
    [2]
    Second component (2) according to claim 1, characterized in that the adaptive coating (6) has a hardness gradient with increasing hardness of an outer coating surface (10) in the direction of the component body (14).
    [3]
    A component (2) according to claim 2, characterized in that the adaptive coating (6) on the outer coating surface (10) has a hardness selected from a range having a lower limit of HV 40 and an upper limit of HV 1000th
    [4]
    4. component (2) according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the adaptive coating (6) on a second, the outer coating surface (10) opposite, in the direction of the component body (14) facing surface has a hardness selected is from a range with a lower limit of HV 400 and an upper limit of HV 1000.
    [5]
    5. component (2) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the adaptive coating (6) is composed of several different sub-layers.
    [6]
    6. component (2) according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the adaptive coating (6) is at least partially metallic.
    [7]
    7. component (2) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the adaptive coating (6) is formed by a multi-component system, wherein at least one component is selected from a group comprising transition metals, Transition metal nitrides, transition metal carbides, transition metal oxides and mixtures thereof.
    [8]
    8. Component (2) according to claim 7, characterized in that a further component of the multicomponent system is selected from a group comprising Sn, Mg, Al, In, Bi, Si, Ni, Ag, Cr and Fe.
    [9]
    9. component (2) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the adaptive coating (6) contains the components Ag and Cr or CrN, or the components Ag, Sn and Cr or CrN, wherein the content of Ag of the outer coating surface (10) decreases in the direction of the component body (14).
    [10]
    10. component (2) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the adaptive coating (6) contains the components Sn and Cr or the components Cu and Cr and optionally Sn, wherein the content of Sn from the outer coating surface ( 10) decreases in the direction of the component body (14).
    [11]
    11. Component (2) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the adaptive coating (6) contains the components Ag and Ti and optionally Sn, wherein the content of Ag from the outer coating surface (10) in the direction of the Part body (14) decreases.
    [12]
    12. component (2) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the adaptive coating (6) is formed of a tin bronze or an aluminum bronze.
    [13]
    13. The component (2) according to claim 12, characterized in that the tin bronze or the aluminum bronze contains at least one of the components chromium nitride, Fe, Cr, Ni, Ag. N2009 / 31800 -3- • »* ·· '··« · · * · «« < · · »« · · · 4 · «« · 4 ·
    [14]
    14. Component (2) according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the adaptive coating (6) is at least approximately or completely free of abrasive particles.
    [15]
    15. Component (2) according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that between the adaptive coating (6) and the component body (14) a Haftver-middle layer is arranged.
    [16]
    16. Component (2) according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the adaptive coating (6) has a porosity between 0.5% and 20%.
    [17]
    17. Component (2) according to claim 16, characterized in that the pores in the adaptive layer have a maximum diameter of 2 pm.
    [18]
    18. Component (2) according to claim 16 or 17, characterized in that the porosity decreases from the outer coating surface (10) in the direction of the component body (14).
    [19]
    19. assembly (1) comprising at least two components (2, 3), each having a toothing (4, 5), wherein the at least two toothings (4, 5) are in meshing engagement with each other, characterized in that at least one of Components (2, 3) according to one of claims 1 to 18 is formed. High Tech Coatings GmbH

    Lawyer GmbH N2009 / 31800
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    CN103547837A|2014-01-29|
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    WO2012151604A1|2012-11-15|
    US9447860B2|2016-09-20|
    US20140102234A1|2014-04-17|
    CN103547837B|2017-02-15|
    DE112012002034A5|2014-02-13|
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    法律状态:
    2012-11-15| HA| Change or addition of new inventor|Inventor name: GUENTER EITZINGER, AT Effective date: 20120920 Inventor name: KLAUS DIPL.ING. PREINFALK, AT Effective date: 20120920 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    AT0066411A|AT510282B1|2011-05-11|2011-05-11|COMPONENT WITH AN ADAPTIVE COATING|AT0066411A| AT510282B1|2011-05-11|2011-05-11|COMPONENT WITH AN ADAPTIVE COATING|
    US14/115,927| US9447860B2|2011-05-11|2012-05-10|Component with an adaptive coating|
    PCT/AT2012/050067| WO2012151604A1|2011-05-11|2012-05-10|Component with an adaptive coating|
    CN201280022583.7A| CN103547837B|2011-05-11|2012-05-10|Component with an adaptive coating|
    DE112012002034.0T| DE112012002034A5|2011-05-11|2012-05-10|Component with an adaptive coating|
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